Nederlands
Calculates stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation, possibly better than the CHADS2 score, but likely worse than the logistic regression based variant (C-index: 0.606).
Research authors: Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ.
Details
Custom formula
Study characteristics
Files & References
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Model author
Model ID
161
Version
1.5
Revision date
2016-07-18
Specialty
MeSH terms
Model type
Linear model
(Calculation)
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Additional information
CHA2DS2-VASc score (Birmingham 2009) was developed after identifying additional stroke risk factors in patients with atrial fibrillation.Validation study included 1,084 patients with non-valvular AF, not on anticoagulation, over age 18 with EKG or Holter diagnosed AF in the ambulatory and hospital settings from 182 hospitals in 35 countries from 2003 to 2004 and had known thromboembolic status at 1 year from the Euro Heart Survey database.
End point used was stroke or other thromboembolic event.
Used previously developed Birmingham 2009 schema, under the acronym CHA2DS2-VASc.
Study showed that as CHA2DS2-VASc score increased, rate of thromboembolic event within 1 year in non-anticoagulated patients with non-valvular AF increased as well.
Considered score of 0 to be low risk for TE events (none seen in cohort at one year), score of 1 intermediate risk (0.6% rate at 1 year), and greater than 1 high risk (3% rate at 1 year).
oints to keep in mind:
31% of the patients in their original study group were lost to follow-up at one year and thus were not included in the analysis. These patients could have had thromboembolic events, causing them to be lost to follow-up.
There was no statistically significant difference found between the CHA2DS2-VASc and CHADS2 risk stratification schema in predicting TE events.
None of the included patients were anticoagulated. Those at particularly high risk for a TE event may have been already anticoagulated by their PMD, potentially skewing the TE rates.
A subsequent study examining the performance of CHA2DS2-VASc in predicting TE events on anticoagulated patients also identified CAD and smoking as potential additional risk factors for TE in this subset of patients. However, that study also did not show a statistical difference in the predictive avarious risk stratification abilities of the scores.
Study Population
Total population size: 1084Males: {{ model.numberOfMales }}
Females: {{ model.numberOfFemales }}
Continuous characteristics
| Name | Mean | SD | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 66 | 14 | years |
| Systolic blood pressure | 139 | 23 | mmHg |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | 53 | 14 | % |
| Name | LL | Q1 | Median | Q3 | UL | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| te | 12 | 23 | 66 | 134 | 222 | t |
Categorical characteristics
| Name | Subset / Group | Nr. of patients |
|---|---|---|
| Age | ≥75 | 309 |
| <75 | 775 | |
| Past medical history: stroke | Yes | 45 |
| No | 1039 | |
| Past medical history: transient ischemic attack | Yes | 46 |
| No | 1038 | |
| Past medical history: other systemic embolism | Yes | 6 |
| No | 1078 | |
| Past medical history: coronary artery disease | Yes | 412 |
| No | 672 | |
| Past medical history: peripheral vascular disease | Yes | 62 |
| No | 1022 | |
| Past medical history: hypertension | Yes | 729 |
| No | 355 | |
| Past medical history: diabetes mellitus | Yes | 187 |
| No | 897 | |
| Past medical history: heart failure | Yes | 253 |
| No | 831 | |
| Drugs: ACE inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker | Yes | 607 |
| No | 477 | |
| Drugs: Statins | Yes | 252 |
| No | 834 | |
| Drugs: antiplatetelet drugs | Yes | 802 |
| No | 282 |
Related files
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Supporting Publications
| Title or description | Tags |
|---|---|
| Supporting research paper (PubMed) |
CHA2DS2-VASc Score: ...
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Result
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CHA2DS2-VASc Score:
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Outcome stratification
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Conditional information
Result interpretation
This model calculates stroke risk for patients with atrial fibrillation. The CHA2DS2-VASc risk score (acronym: Birmingham 2009) fared marginally better (C-statistic, 0.606) than CHADS(2). However, those classified as low risk by the CHA2DS2-VASc and NICE schema were truly low risk with no TE events recorded, whereas TE events occurred in 1.4% of low-risk CHADS(2) subjects. When expressed as a scoring system, the CHA2DS2-VASc showed an increase in TE rate with increasing scores (P value for trend = .003).
Calculations alone should never dictate patient care, and are no substitute for professional judgement. See our full disclaimer.
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